Mr bush representation case study
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Sunday 5 December 2010
Media Magazine: Relevant articles.
Articles found:
- Women and Film – research findings
- Theorists: a beginners’ guide to... Laura Mulvey
Lucy Scott-Galloway, Media Magazine 21, September 2007, Film special, New online September 2008, Representation, Gender, Feminist, Film theory - Global Marxism From Media Magazine 27, the 'foreign' issue, February 2009. See downloadable pdf. Added to the online archive September 2009
- Analysing page layout and design
Lucy Scott-Galloway, Media Magazine 23, February 2008, New online September 2008, Print special, Charity advertising, Design and layout, Visual literacy, Ideology
I looked through a few articles and found the four listed above, however i was not able to find much for my critical investigation. I did not find the articles useful, but there are many articles on Reality TV and horror films which others in the class may find useful.
(Media Magazine) WEB LINK: http://www.englishandmedia.co.uk/mm/index.html
Is reality becoming more real? The rise and rise of UGC
What is meant by the term ‘citizen journalist’?
The term ‘Citizen Journalist’ means members of the public (‘ordinary people’) capture an event which is consider being important. They become producers when they upload the texts on sites such as YouTube. They are also referred to as accidental journalists' or 'grassroots journalists.
b. What was one of the first examples of news being generated by ‘ordinary people’?
The first ever text that was generated by an ‘ordinary person’ was the Rodney King incident which was captured by George Holliday. This was when he captured the event of Rodney King and the four police officers. As the officers surrounded him, tasered him and beat him with clubs. The event was filmed by George from his apartment window; Later the home-video footage made prime-time news and became an international media sensation, and a focus for complaints about police racism towards African-Americans.
c. List some of the formats for participation that are now offered by news organisations.
• Message boards
• Chat rooms
• Q&A, polls
• Have your says
• And blogs with comments enabled.
d. What is one of the main differences between professionally shot footage and that taken first-hand (UGC)?
The difference between professional shot footage and UGC footage is that the User Generated Content is hard-hitting and emotive. Therefore news is now considered to be old fashioned if it lacks the low quality grainy style of footage that is proved by citizen journalists.
e. What is a gatekeeper?
The organisation which decides the types of text that is/is not news and whether it will broadcast the content provided by the Citizen journalists is called a gatekeeper as they in other words filter the content for publication.
f. How has the role of a gatekeeper changed?
A gatekeepers job role has changed as it’s has become more important because before it had very little access to self-representation before such as youth groups, low income groups, and various minority groups may but now it has gained its own voice through the use of citizen journalism.
g. What is one of the primary concerns held by journalists over the rise of UGC?
The main concern held by journalists over the rise of UGC is that they are no longer needed in event as ‘ordinary people’ have become their own journalists and product better content. Therefore journalists fear that they will no longer have jobs in the future and leaving large organisation out of jobs as smaller core staff will manage and process UGC from citizen journalists, this is called ‘crowd sourcing.’
The term ‘Citizen Journalist’ means members of the public (‘ordinary people’) capture an event which is consider being important. They become producers when they upload the texts on sites such as YouTube. They are also referred to as accidental journalists' or 'grassroots journalists.
b. What was one of the first examples of news being generated by ‘ordinary people’?
The first ever text that was generated by an ‘ordinary person’ was the Rodney King incident which was captured by George Holliday. This was when he captured the event of Rodney King and the four police officers. As the officers surrounded him, tasered him and beat him with clubs. The event was filmed by George from his apartment window; Later the home-video footage made prime-time news and became an international media sensation, and a focus for complaints about police racism towards African-Americans.
c. List some of the formats for participation that are now offered by news organisations.
• Message boards
• Chat rooms
• Q&A, polls
• Have your says
• And blogs with comments enabled.
d. What is one of the main differences between professionally shot footage and that taken first-hand (UGC)?
The difference between professional shot footage and UGC footage is that the User Generated Content is hard-hitting and emotive. Therefore news is now considered to be old fashioned if it lacks the low quality grainy style of footage that is proved by citizen journalists.
e. What is a gatekeeper?
The organisation which decides the types of text that is/is not news and whether it will broadcast the content provided by the Citizen journalists is called a gatekeeper as they in other words filter the content for publication.
f. How has the role of a gatekeeper changed?
A gatekeepers job role has changed as it’s has become more important because before it had very little access to self-representation before such as youth groups, low income groups, and various minority groups may but now it has gained its own voice through the use of citizen journalism.
g. What is one of the primary concerns held by journalists over the rise of UGC?
The main concern held by journalists over the rise of UGC is that they are no longer needed in event as ‘ordinary people’ have become their own journalists and product better content. Therefore journalists fear that they will no longer have jobs in the future and leaving large organisation out of jobs as smaller core staff will manage and process UGC from citizen journalists, this is called ‘crowd sourcing.’
Is reality becoming more real? The rise and rise of UGC
Sara Mills explores the rise of the citizen journalist and considers the impact of user-generated content on news stories, the news agenda, and the role of the professionals.
The main point of the article are listed below: (summarization)
• Now new technologies mean that the audience are no longer passive receivers of news.
• Audience have become ‘users’ and the users have become publishers.
• This shows the rise of UGC as audiences now create their own content. Therefore the old divide between institution and audience is being eroded.
• Audience have more access to technology and new digital media, it allows them to use in a more complex way.
• A major change has been the development of new technologies such as video phones and the growth of the Internet and user-dominated sites. As this content it available a wide range of audience.
• There is a rise of ‘citizen journalist’, as normal people create their own news by the use of media technologies. E.g records an event on their phone + YouTube.
• By 1991 people could afford more new technological devises such as video camera as it become more common and this was the very fist sign of the rise in new technological advance .
• It allows people capture moments which can change their lives, such as the George Holliday case over the ‘Rodney King’ incident.
• This incident was the very first examples of the news being generated by ‘ordinary people,.
• ‘citizen journalists’, ‘grassroots journalists’, or even ‘accidental journalists’ are other names used for ‘ordinary people’.
• The power to make and break news has moved beyond the traditional news institutions as over the year millions of people has produced their own footage and have become citizen journalists.
• UGC has become the more powerful than ever as people use social media sites such as Bebo, MySpace, YouTube and Facebook to create UGC.
• More and more people use UGC sites to access news such as Wikipedia news, Google news and YouTube score highly in terms of where people go to get their news. This is a much faster way on accessing the news and gossip with a click of a button.
• Social networking site provide world-wide news. This is because everyone wants to have their moment of fame and the desire for everyone to tell their own story may explain the huge popularity of social networking sites such as Facebook.
• In today’s society the news now seems to have become over shadowed and old-fashioned as it lacks the raw, grainy low-quality footage provided by citizen journalists.
WEB LINK:
http://www.englishandmedia.co.uk/mm/subscribers/downloads/archive_mm/_mmagpast/MM30_UGC.html
The main point of the article are listed below: (summarization)
• Now new technologies mean that the audience are no longer passive receivers of news.
• Audience have become ‘users’ and the users have become publishers.
• This shows the rise of UGC as audiences now create their own content. Therefore the old divide between institution and audience is being eroded.
• Audience have more access to technology and new digital media, it allows them to use in a more complex way.
• A major change has been the development of new technologies such as video phones and the growth of the Internet and user-dominated sites. As this content it available a wide range of audience.
• There is a rise of ‘citizen journalist’, as normal people create their own news by the use of media technologies. E.g records an event on their phone + YouTube.
• By 1991 people could afford more new technological devises such as video camera as it become more common and this was the very fist sign of the rise in new technological advance .
• It allows people capture moments which can change their lives, such as the George Holliday case over the ‘Rodney King’ incident.
• This incident was the very first examples of the news being generated by ‘ordinary people,.
• ‘citizen journalists’, ‘grassroots journalists’, or even ‘accidental journalists’ are other names used for ‘ordinary people’.
• The power to make and break news has moved beyond the traditional news institutions as over the year millions of people has produced their own footage and have become citizen journalists.
• UGC has become the more powerful than ever as people use social media sites such as Bebo, MySpace, YouTube and Facebook to create UGC.
• More and more people use UGC sites to access news such as Wikipedia news, Google news and YouTube score highly in terms of where people go to get their news. This is a much faster way on accessing the news and gossip with a click of a button.
• Social networking site provide world-wide news. This is because everyone wants to have their moment of fame and the desire for everyone to tell their own story may explain the huge popularity of social networking sites such as Facebook.
• In today’s society the news now seems to have become over shadowed and old-fashioned as it lacks the raw, grainy low-quality footage provided by citizen journalists.
Examples of UGC are Youtube,Google and Social networking Sites.
Audience theory: the reception theory is a basic acceptance of the meaning of a specific text, this occurs when a group of readers have a shared cultural background and interpret the text in similar ways. Also the meaning of a text is not inherent within the text itself, but is created within the relationship between the text and the reader.
Audience become more powerful and institutions lose money alongside the journalists as citizen journalist become more popular and a major rise is UGC is produced.
WEB LINK:
http://www.englishandmedia.co.uk/mm/subscribers/downloads/archive_mm/_mmagpast/MM30_UGC.html
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